How to Cite
Ingaruca Ruiz, N. N. (2025). Towards a Functional State: Reflections on Institutional Reform and Public Management in Peru. Saber Servir: Journal of the National School of Public Administration, (14). Retrieved from https://revista.enap.edu.pe/index.php/ss/article/view/223
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Abstract

TThis article aims to analyze the main factors that hinder the capacity of State entities to operate efficiently, transparently, and in accordance with ethical principles, as well as their ability to generate public value. Based on a critical examination of Peru’s current institutional context and a documentary review of institutional reports, specialized studies, and comparative evidence, the article identifies structural and legal challenges that undermine the performance of the public sector. These challenges include hierarchical organizational structures, obsolete information systems, ineffective management practices, limited professionalization of human resources, and insufficient infrastructure to meet citizens’ needs.

The analysis is organized around four main axes: (i) regulatory fragmentation and its impact on institutional coherence; (ii) weaknesses in control and accountability mechanisms; (iii) structural problems affecting public management in Peru; and (iv) citizen participation and the democratization of public processes. The article adopts a legal-descriptive and reflective approach, drawing on documentary and comparative analysis of regulations, institutional reports, and specialized literature selected according to criteria of relevance, timeliness, and thematic pertinence.

Based on this analysis, the article proposes reform-oriented guidelines aimed at strengthening State organizations and advancing towards a democratic, functional State oriented to the generation of public value, promoting an ethical, integral, and transparent public administration focused on serving citizens.

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