Artificial intelligence and state modernization: between strategic innovation and responsible governance

Inteligencia artificial y modernización del Estado: entre la innovación estratégica y la gobernanza responsable

Authors

David Emmanuel Ashcallay Samaniego
Ministerio de Defensa
dashcallay@pucp.edu.pe
Issue: No. 15 (2026)
How to Cite
Ashcallay Samaniego, D. E. (2026). Artificial intelligence and state modernization: between strategic innovation and responsible governance. Saber Servir: Journal of the National School of Public Administration, (15). Retrieved from https://revista.enap.edu.pe/index.php/ss/article/view/245
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Abstract

This review examines Governing with Artificial Intelligence: Current Landscape and Roadmap for Core Government Functions (2025), published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The report analyzes the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) adoption across core government functions through the study of two hundred use cases spanning eleven governmental domains and proposes a roadmap for its strategic, responsible, and trustworthy implementation. The review highlights the report's main contributions, including the conceptualization of AI as part of the State's digital transformation, the development of a framework based on productivity, responsiveness, and accountability, and the identification of risks associated with governmental inaction. It also critically examines several limitations of the study, particularly regarding data governance, the political dimension of AI, the heterogeneity of state capacities, and challenges related to public employment and digital sovereignty. The review concludes that the report constitutes a valuable reference for debates on state modernization and the democratic governance of emerging technologies.

Bio Statement (e.g., department and rank)

David Emmanuel Ashcallay Samaniego

He holds a bachelor's degree in Business Administration from San Juan Bautista Private University and master's degrees in Strategic Business Administration and Government and Public Policy from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed coursework for a Master's Degree in Public Management at the National University of San Marcos and for a Doctoral Degree in Public Policy and State Management at the National Center for Advanced Studies (CAEN). He serves as a professor in several graduate programs at the National University of Central Peru and is the Coordinator of the Administrative System for Public Management Modernization at the Ministry of Defense of Peru.

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