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García Fernández, M. (2019). Technological Change and Employment: A Latin American Perspective: Risks of the Technological Replacement of Human Labor and the Challenges of Creating New Jobs. Saber Servir: Journal of the National School of Public Administration, (2), 70–73. https://doi.org/10.54774/ss.2019.02.06
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Abstract

This document adapts the Frey and Osborne (FO) method for estimating the risk of technological substitution, taking into account the realities of labor markets in Latin America and the Caribbean. As a result, the study estimates that, on average across the countries analyzed in the region, 24% of jobs are at risk of technological substitution.

The first chapter, "The Impact of Automation on Labor Markets: Job Destruction," identifies the tasks that are unlikely to be replaced by technology in the short or medium term. This analysis is conducted through the lens of machine learning and mobile robotics. The tasks that the authors identify as "bottlenecks" to automation are grouped into three categories: perception and manipulation, referring to the ability to perform physical tasks or work in unstructured environments; cognitive intelligence tasks, such as creativity and complex reasoning; and social intelligence tasks, including negotiation skills and complex interpersonal interactions, such as caregiving and sensitivity to cultural differences.

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